The coexistence of capsules and tablets as oral dosage forms is driven by pharmacotechnical, pharmacokinetic, and patient-centric considerations. Each formulation offers distinct advantages depending on the physicochemical properties of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), desired release kinetics, and therapeutic goals.

Tablets are the most commonly used solid dosage form due to their cost-effectiveness, mechanical stability, and ease of mass production. They allow for various modifications, including scoring for dose adjustment, enteric coatings for delayed release, and matrix systems for sustained delivery. However, certain APIs may degrade during compression, have poor compressibility, or require protection from gastric pH, limiting tablet applicability.

Capsules, particularly hard gelatin and soft gelatin variants, provide a suitable alternative for APIs with poor compression characteristics, unpleasant taste, or those requiring immediate or modified release without complex manufacturing processes. Capsules are ideal for encapsulating powders, semi-solids, or liquids, and they often enhance patient compliance due to ease of swallowing and taste masking.

In summary, the dual use of capsules and tablets allows formulators to optimize drug delivery based on the biopharmaceutical classification of the API, patient population, and therapeutic requirements, ensuring efficacy, stability, and patient adherence.
Regards,
JAKSTAR PHARMA